A Review of PAPR Reduction Techniques for OFDM Systems

Authors:

Pratima Manhas (Manav Rachna International University, Faridabad)

Dr. M.K. Soni (Manav Rachna International University, Faridabad)

Keywords: Orthogonal Frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), Wireless LAN, Bit Error ratio (BER), Peak to average power ratio (PAPR), Multipath fading.

Abstract:

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is a type of multicarrier modulation technique in which entire bandwidth is divided into large number of small sub-carriers and each subcarrier is transmitted parallel to achieve higher data rates. It is used in various applications like Digital audio broadcasting (DAB), Digital video broadcasting (DVB) & wireless LAN. OFDM is a attractive modulation scheme with strongly efficient in bandwidth usage, immunity against multipath fading environment. It has less ICI and ISI and provides better spectral efficiency. Although it has various advantages but still certain disadvantages are: high Peak to average Power ratio, high bit error ratio (BER) & synchronization problem. This paper will focus on various PAPR reduction techniques and conclude with comparison between various techniques.

References:

[1]. Bauml, R.W.; Fischer, R.F.H.; Huber, J.B, “Reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of Multicarrier Modulation by Selected Mapping,” IEEE Electronics Letters, Vol.32, pp. 2056-2057, 24 Oct. 1996.

[2]. P. W. J.Van Eetvelt, G.Wade, and M.Tomlinson, “Peak to average power reduction for OFDM schemes by selective scrambling,” Electron. Lett., vol. 32, pp. 1963-1964, Oct. 1996.

[3]. D. Wulich, “Reduction of peak to mean ratio of multicarrier modulation using cyclic coding,” Electronic Letters, vol. 32 pp. 432-433, 1996

[4]. S.H Muller and J.B Huber, “OFDM with Reduced Peak[1]to-Average power Ratio by Optimum Combination of Partial Transmit Sequences,” IEEE Electronics Letters on Communication & Signal Processing, Vol. 33, Issue. 5, pp. 368-369, 27 Feb. 1997.

[5]. X.Li and L.J. Cimini Jr., “Effects of clipping and filtering on the performance of OFDM,” IEEE Communication Letters, vol. 2, pp. 131-133, May 1998

[6]. L. J. Cimini Jr. and N. R. Sollenberger, “Peakto-Average Power Ratio Reduction of an OFDM Signal using Partial Transmit Sequences,” IEEE Communications Letters, Vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 86-88, 2000.

[7]. Wu and W. Y. Zou, “Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing: A multi-carrier modulation scheme,” IEEE Trans. Consumer Electronics, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 392–399, Aug. 1995.

[8]. Shinsuke Hara, Ramjee, “Principle and history of MCM/ OFDM,” in Multicarrier techniques for 4G mobile communication, Artech House.

[9]. Leonard J. Cimini, Jr., and Nelson R. Sollenberger(2000) ,” Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction of an OFDM signal using partial transmit sequences with embedded side information, IEEE, pp.746 – 750.

[10]. H. Sampath, et al., “A fouth-generation MIMO-OFDM broadband wireless system: design,performance and field trial results,” IEEE Communication Magazine, Sep 2002, vol. 40, no 9.

[11]. Jayalath, A.D.S, Tellainbura, C, “Side Information in PAR Reduced PTS-OFDM Signals,”Proceedings 14th IEEE Conference on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, Sept. 2003, vol.1.

[12]. Oh-Ju Kwon and Yeong-Ho Ha, “Multi-carrier PAP reduction method using sub-optimal PTS with threshold,” IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting, June. 2003, vol. 49.

[13]. Mohinder Jankiraman, “Peak to average power ratio,” in Space-time codes and MIMO systems,Artech House, 2004.

[14]. Josef Urban and Roman Marsalek, “OFDM PAPR Reduction by Combination of Interleaving with Clipping and Filtering,” IEEE Communication Letter, pp. 249– 252, June 2007.

[15]. R.F.H. Fischer, “Widely-Linear Selected Mapping for Peak[1]to- Average Power Ratio Reduction in OFDM,” IEEE Electronics Letters, pp. 766–767, July 2007.

[16]. Tao Jiang, Yiyan Wu,“peak to average power ratio reduction in OFDM systems”, IEEE transactions on broadcasting, vol. 54, no. 2, June 2008.

[17]. Dov Wulich, “Defination of efficient PAPR in OFDM” IEEE communications letters, vol. 9, no. 9, September 2005.

[18]. M.Palanivelan, Dr. Sheila Anand, M.Gunasekaran, “Matrix based low Complexity PAPR Reduction in OFDM Systems”, IJECT Vo l. 2, Issue 2, June 2011.

[19]. Reena Chackochan, Dr. Himanshu Soni, “Comparative Analysis of Distortive and Non-DistortiveOFDM Techniques for PAPR Reduction in Systems”, Proc. of Int. Conf. on Advances in Electrical & Electronics 2011.

[20]. Leman Dewangan, Mangal Singh and Neelam Dewangan, “A Survey of PAPR Reduction Techniques in LTE-OFDM System”, International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), ISSN: 2277-3878, vol-1, Issue-5, November, 2012.

[21]. Arun Gangwar and ManushreeBhardwaj, “An Overview: Peak to Average Power Ratio in OFDM system & its Effect”, International Journal of Communication and Computer Technologies vol. 01 – 02, Issue: 02 (IJCCT), ISSN NUMBER: 2278-9723, September 2012

[22]. Muller S. H., Huber J. B., “OFDM with reduced peak-to[1]average power ratio by optimum combination of partial transmit sequences”, Electronics Letters, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 36–69, Feb. 1997.

[23]. Cimini L. J., Sollenberger, N. R., “Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction of an OFDM Signal Using Partial Transmit Sequences” IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 86-88, March 2000.

[24]. Tellado J., “Peak to Average Power Ratio Reduction for Multicarrier Modulation,” PhD thesis, University of Stanford, Stanford, 1999

[25]. Han S. H., Ciof J. M., Lee J. H., “Tone Injection with hexagonal constellation for peakto-average power ratio reduction in OFDM”, IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 10, no.9, pp. 646–648, Sep. 2006.

[26]. O’Neill R., Lopes L. B., “Envelope variations and spectral splatter in clipped multicarrier signals,” in Proc. IEEE PIMRC ’95, Toronto, Canada, pp. 71–75, Sept.1995.

[27]. Li X., Cimini Jr. L.J., “Effect of Clipping and Filtering on Performance of OFDM”, IEEE Comm. Letters, vol. 2, No.5, pp. 131-133, July1998.

[28]. Armstrong J., “Peak-to-average power reduction for OFDM by repeated clipping and frequency domain filtering”, Electronics Letters, vol. 38, no. 5, pp. 246–247, Feb. 2002.